lunes, 6 de abril de 2026

China’s Rise in Global Research

 Although Western nations have dominated global scientific research since the nineteenth century, recent decades have witnessed profound shifts in where research is conducted, what topics it addresses, and how widely its findings spread across borders. In The Geography of Science (NBER Working Paper 34694), Abhishek Nagaraj and Randol Yao provide a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of global science between 1980 and 2022. Using data on 44 million publications from nearly 12,000 journals, they track where science is produced, based on author affiliations, what science studies, based on geographic references in titles and abstracts, and where science is consumed, based on citation patterns.

This figure is a line chart titled "Institutional Location of Authors of Papers Published in Top 5 Percent of Journals" showing how the geographic distribution of authors publishing in elite academic journals has shifted over time. The y-axis is labeled "Share of publications" and ranges from 0% to 60%. The x-axis shows years from 1980 to approximately 2023. Five lines are shown: the United States in blue, the European Union in dark gray, China in dark red, high-income countries in medium gray, and middle- and low-income countries in light gray. The United States began near 58% in 1980 and declined steadily to approximately 24% by the early 2020s. The European Union rose from about 23% in 1980, peaked near 33% around 2000, and then gradually declined to about 25%. China's share was near zero through the 1990s, began rising around 2000, and surged dramatically after 2010 to reach approximately 28% by the early 2020s, overtaking both the U.S. and the EU. High-income countries remained relatively stable between 10% and 15% throughout the period. Middle- and low-income countries stayed below 7% for the entire time span. The source line reads: "Researchers' calculations using the Dimensions database." 

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